Grade 1 Math Worksheets: Free Practice Problems with Answers

Grade 1 is when formal mathematics begins — and the foundations built this year matter far more than most parents realise. The counting, number sense, addition, and subtraction skills a child develops in Grade 1 are the direct prerequisites for every year of mathematics that follows. Regular practice at home, with the right problems at the right level, makes a genuine difference to how confidently a child progresses through Grades 2 and beyond. This page provides free Grade 1 math worksheets across every major curriculum strand, with full answers included. Use them for daily practice, homework support, or to find out specifically where your child needs more focused attention.

What Grade 1 Math Covers in Ontario

The Ontario Grade 1 mathematics curriculum covers five main strands. The activities on this page are aligned to these expectations.

Number — counting to 50, reading and writing numerals to 20, comparing quantities, addition and subtraction to 20, introduction to place value (tens and ones)
Algebra — repeating patterns, extending and creating patterns, equality and balance concepts
Data — sorting objects, reading simple graphs and tally charts
Spatial Sense (Geometry) — 2D and 3D shapes, positional language, sorting shapes
Measurement — comparing length, mass, and capacity; ordering objects by size; introduction to time

For a complete breakdown of what Grade 1 students are expected to learn this year, see our Grade 1 math curriculum Ontario guide.

These worksheets provide practice—but they don’t show whether your child is meeting Grade 1 expectations.

Our free assessment evaluates every key strand of the Ontario Grade 1 curriculum and provides a personalised feedback report showing exactly where your child is thriving and where they may need extra support.

→ Get your free personalised feedback report

Grade 1 Math Worksheets: Counting and Number Recognition

Counting to 50

Practice Set 1 — Forward and Backward Counting

Fill in the missing numbers:

1, 2, ___, 4, 5
7, 8, 9, ___, 11
13, 14, ___, 16, 17
18, ___, 20, 21, ___
___, 25, 26, ___, 28
30, 31, ___, 33, ___
Count backward: 10, 9, ___, 7, ___
Count backward: 20, ___, 18, ___, 16
What number comes just before 15? ___
What number comes just after 29? ___
Count on 3 from 17: ___
Count back 2 from 22: ___

Answers — Set 1:

3 2) 10 3) 15 4) 19, 22 5) 24, 27 6) 32, 34 7) 8, 6 8) 19, 17 9) 14 10) 30 11) 20 12) 20

Practice Set 2 — Number Recognition to 20

Circle the number that is bigger: 7 or 4
Circle the number that is smaller: 12 or 9
Put these in order from smallest to largest: 8, 3, 15, 6, 11
Put these in order from largest to smallest: 17, 4, 12, 9, 20
Which number is between 8 and 10? ___
Which two numbers are between 14 and 17? ___
Write the number that is 1 more than 13: ___
Write the number that is 1 less than 20: ___
Write the number that is 2 more than 16: ___
Is 15 closer to 10 or 20? ___

Answers — Set 2:

7 2) 9 3) 3, 6, 8, 11, 15 4) 20, 17, 12, 9, 4 5) 9 6) 15 and 16 7) 14 8) 19 9) 18 10) 20

Place Value: Tens and Ones

Practice Set 3 — Tens and Ones

Note: Grade 1 introduces tens and ones as a beginning concept, typically with numbers to 20.

14 = ___ ten and ___ ones
17 = ___ ten and ___ ones
12 = ___ ten and ___ ones
1 ten and 5 ones = ___
1 ten and 9 ones = ___
1 ten and 0 ones = ___
Which number has 1 ten and 8 ones? ___
Draw a group of 10 blocks and 3 single blocks. What number does this show? ___

Answers — Set 3:

1 ten, 4 ones 2) 1 ten, 7 ones 3) 1 ten, 2 ones 4) 15 5) 19 6) 10 7) 18 8) 13

Grade 1 Math Worksheets: Addition Practice

Adding to 10

Practice Set 4 — Addition Facts to 10

3 + 4 = ___
6 + 2 = ___
5 + 5 = ___
1 + 8 = ___
4 + 4 = ___
7 + 3 = ___
2 + 6 = ___
9 + 1 = ___
0 + 7 = ___
5 + 4 = ___
There are 3 red apples and 5 green apples. How many apples are there altogether? ___
4 birds are on a branch. 3 more birds land. How many birds are there now? ___

Answers — Set 4:

7 2) 8 3) 10 4) 9 5) 8 6) 10 7) 8 8) 10 9) 7 10) 9 11) 8 12) 7

Adding to 20

Practice Set 5 — Addition Facts to 20

8 + 5 = ___
7 + 6 = ___
9 + 4 = ___
6 + 8 = ___
5 + 9 = ___
7 + 7 = ___
10 + 8 = ___
9 + 9 = ___
6 + 7 = ___
8 + 8 = ___
Maria has 7 stickers. Her friend gives her 6 more. How many stickers does Maria have? ___
There are 9 children on the playground. 8 more come out. How many children are there now? ___
A bag has 10 grapes and 7 berries. How many pieces of fruit are there? ___

Answers — Set 5:

13 2) 13 3) 13 4) 14 5) 14 6) 14 7) 18 8) 18 9) 13 10) 16 11) 13 12) 17 13) 17

Adding Three Numbers

Practice Set 6 — Three Addends

2 + 3 + 4 = ___
5 + 1 + 3 = ___
4 + 4 + 2 = ___
3 + 5 + 5 = ___
6 + 2 + 4 = ___
1 + 7 + 3 = ___
5 + 5 + 5 = ___
4 + 3 + 6 = ___

Answers — Set 6:

9 2) 9 3) 10 4) 13 5) 12 6) 11 7) 15 8) 13

Grade 1 Math Worksheets: Subtraction Practice

Subtracting from 10

Practice Set 7 — Subtraction Facts to 10

8 − 3 = ___
10 − 4 = ___
7 − 5 = ___
9 − 6 = ___
6 − 2 = ___
10 − 7 = ___
5 − 5 = ___
8 − 0 = ___
9 − 9 = ___
10 − 1 = ___
There were 8 cookies. Sam ate 3. How many are left? ___
10 birds were in a tree. 6 flew away. How many stayed? ___

Answers — Set 7:

5 2) 6 3) 2 4) 3 5) 4 6) 3 7) 0 8) 8 9) 0 10) 9 11) 5 12) 4

Subtracting from 20

Practice Set 8 — Subtraction Facts to 20

15 − 7 = ___
13 − 6 = ___
18 − 9 = ___
14 − 8 = ___
16 − 7 = ___
20 − 8 = ___
12 − 5 = ___
17 − 9 = ___
11 − 6 = ___
19 − 7 = ___
There are 16 children. 8 go inside. How many are still outside? ___
A bookshelf had 14 books. 6 were borrowed. How many books remain? ___

Answers — Set 8:

8 2) 7 3) 9 4) 6 5) 9 6) 12 7) 7 8) 8 9) 5 10) 12 11) 8 12) 8

Addition and Subtraction Mixed

Practice Set 9 — Mixed Operations to 20

9 + 4 = ___
15 − 8 = ___
7 + 8 = ___
20 − 9 = ___
6 + 6 = ___
13 − 7 = ___
If 5 + ___ = 12, what is the missing number? ___
If ___ − 4 = 9, what is the missing number? ___
If 8 + ___ = 15, what is the missing number? ___
If ___ + 6 = 14, what is the missing number? ___

Answers — Set 9:

13 2) 7 3) 15 4) 11 5) 12 6) 6 7) 7 8) 13 9) 7 10) 8

Grade 1 Patterns: Practice Problems

Practice Set 10 — Repeating Patterns

Continue the pattern: red, blue, red, blue, red, ___
Continue: circle, square, circle, square, ___
Continue: 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, ___
What is the rule? A, B, B, A, B, B, A, ___
Continue: big, small, big, small, ___
Create your own AB pattern using two colours. Draw or describe it. ___
Continue: 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, ___
What comes next? ★ ● ● ★ ● ● ★ ___

Answers — Set 10:

blue 2) circle 3) 2 4) B, B 5) big 6) any valid AB pattern 7) 4 8) ● ●

Grade 1 Geometry: Practice Problems

Practice Set 11 — 2D Shapes

How many sides does a triangle have? ___
How many corners does a square have? ___
What shape has no corners? ___
How many sides does a rectangle have? ___
Name a shape that has 4 equal sides. ___
True or false: A circle has straight sides. ___
How many sides does a hexagon have? ___
Look around the room. Name one thing shaped like a rectangle. ___
Name one thing shaped like a circle. ___
How many corners does a triangle have? ___

Answers — Set 11:

3 2) 4 3) Circle 4) 4 5) Square 6) False 7) 6 8) any valid answer (door, book, window) 9) any valid answer (clock, coin, wheel) 10) 3

Practice Set 12 — 3D Shapes

Use real objects from around your home.

A box of cereal is shaped like a ___
A ball is shaped like a ___
A can of soup is shaped like a ___
How many flat faces does a cube have? ___
Can a sphere roll? ___
Can a cube roll? ___
Name something shaped like a cone. ___
Which shape has no flat faces — a cube or a sphere? ___

Answers — Set 12:

Rectangular prism 2) Sphere 3) Cylinder 4) 6 5) Yes 6) No 7) Ice cream cone, party hat, traffic cone 8) Sphere

Grade 1 Measurement: Practice Problems

Practice Set 13 — Comparing and Ordering

These activities work best with real objects.

Find two pencils. Which one is longer? ___
Find two books. Which one is heavier? ___
Order these from shortest to tallest: a marker, a pencil, a crayon. ___
True or false: A longer object is always heavier. ___
Fill a cup with water and a glass with less water. Which has more? ___
Use your hand to measure your desk. How many hands wide is it? ___
Is a dog heavier or lighter than a cat? ___
Which holds more — a bathtub or a glass? ___

Answers — Set 13:

child measures and answers 2) child answers from observation 3) depends on real objects — child orders by looking 4) False (a long feather is lighter than a short rock) 5) the cup 6) child measures and records 7) usually heavier (accept any reasonable answer) 8) a bathtub

Practice Set 14 — Time

Morning or afternoon — when do you eat breakfast? ___
Morning or afternoon — when do you eat dinner? ___
Which comes first in the day: lunch or bedtime? ___
How many days are in a week? ___
Name the days of the week in order. ___
What day comes after Monday? ___
What day comes before Friday? ___
How many months are in a year? ___

Answers — Set 14:

morning 2) afternoon/evening 3) lunch 4) 7 5) Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday 6) Tuesday 7) Thursday 8) 12

Grade 1 Data: Practice Problems

Practice Set 15 — Reading Simple Graphs

Use the following data for questions 1–5:

A class voted for their favourite pet:

Dog: 7 students
Cat: 5 students
Fish: 3 students
Rabbit: 2 students

How many students voted in total? ___
Which pet got the most votes? ___
Which pet got the fewest votes? ___
How many more students like dogs than cats? ___
Did more students prefer cats or fish? ___

Bonus: If you drew a tally chart for this data, how many tally marks would you make for dogs? ___

Answers — Set 15:

17 2) Dog 3) Rabbit 4) 2 more 5) Cats Bonus: 7 tally marks (IIII II)

Finished the worksheets?

A score alone doesn’t tell you whether your child truly understands the concepts—or has simply memorised the answers.

Take our free Grade 1 assessment →

How to Use Grade 1 Math Worksheets Effectively

Grade 1 mathematics is best learned through a combination of hands-on activity and structured practice. Worksheets are useful — but they work best when used alongside conversation and real objects, not instead of them.

Do the activity problems together. Several sets on this page (measurement, time, 3D shapes) are designed for shared parent-child activity rather than independent seat work. A Grade 1 child who measures their desk, orders their pencils, and discusses which objects are heavier builds more durable understanding than one who fills in blanks on a page without the physical experience.

Keep sessions short and positive. Ten to fifteen minutes of focused, engaged practice is significantly more effective than thirty minutes of distracted completion. Stop while your child is still engaged — the goal is a child who returns to mathematics tomorrow, not one who has finished today’s sheet.

Watch for specific patterns in errors. If your child consistently reverses the order of subtraction (writing 8 − 15 = 7 instead of recognising that 15 − 8 = 7), that is a specific gap — they do not yet understand that the smaller number is subtracted from the larger. If they consistently add when asked to subtract, they may not yet have a firm understanding of what subtraction means. These patterns are informative; random errors are less so.

Celebrate what is correct before addressing errors. A Grade 1 child who gets 8 out of 10 right has done well. Acknowledge that before working through what went wrong. Mathematical confidence at this age is as important as accuracy — and a child who is afraid of being wrong will begin to avoid mathematics.

Completing worksheets is an excellent start—but knowing why mistakes happen is what helps children improve.

Our free assessment identifies the skills your child has mastered, the concepts they still find challenging, and the next steps to support their progress.

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Signs Your Grade 1 Child May Need More Than Worksheets

They count by touching each object multiple times. One-to-one correspondence — each object counted exactly once — should be reliable by the end of Grade 1. A child who recounts the same object or skips objects while counting has a foundational gap that needs direct attention.

They cannot recall basic addition facts to 10 quickly. By the end of Grade 1, 3 + 4 and 5 + 5 should be retrievable in a few seconds, not recalculated by counting on fingers every time. Slow retrieval at the end of Grade 1 typically means slow retrieval for the more complex addition facts introduced in Grade 2.

They confuse addition and subtraction. A child who is asked “how many are left?” and adds instead of subtracts does not yet have a conceptual understanding of what the two operations mean. This is common in Grade 1 and addressable — but it needs to be addressed, not assumed to resolve itself.

They cannot identify simple shapes reliably. Confusing squares and rectangles (all squares are rectangles, but not all rectangles are squares) is a normal Grade 1 learning point. Consistently being unable to identify circles, triangles, or squares is worth noticing.

Patterns activity produces anxiety rather than interest. Pattern recognition is foundational to algebraic thinking. A child who finds pattern activities confusing or frustrating in Grade 1 may need more concrete, physical pattern work — sorting real objects, making patterns with blocks — before tackling them on paper.

For a fuller picture of what strong mathematical development looks like at this age, see our number sense parent guide and kindergarten math worksheets.

How Think Academy Helps Grade 1 Students

Think Academy Canada works with students from Grade 1 through Grade 12. At the Grade 1 level, our focus is on building genuine number sense — not just the ability to complete worksheets correctly, but the flexible, intuitive understanding of numbers that makes every subsequent year of mathematics easier.

Our Grade 1 programme is diagnostic-led: every student starts with an assessment that identifies their actual current level — which may be ahead of, at, or behind the Grade 1 curriculum — and the programme builds from there. Sessions are structured and expert-led, short enough to maintain a young child’s focus, and designed to build mathematical habits alongside mathematical content.

The free assessment is the right starting point. It takes 20 minutes and produces a written feedback report identifying specifically which Grade 1 strands are secure and which need work. No obligation — just a clear, specific picture of where your child stands.

Frequently Asked Questions

What maths should a Grade 1 student know? By the end of Grade 1, students should count reliably to 50, read and write numerals to 20, add and subtract fluently to 20, understand basic place value (tens and ones to 20), identify and sort 2D and 3D shapes, extend repeating patterns, and compare objects by length, mass, and capacity.

How much daily maths practice does a Grade 1 student need? Ten to fifteen minutes of focused, engaged practice three to four times per week is more effective than longer less-frequent sessions. At this age, consistency and positivity matter as much as volume.

My child can count to 100 but struggles with addition to 10. Is that a problem? Yes — rote counting to large numbers is a different skill from understanding quantity and performing operations. A child who can count to 100 but struggles with 6 + 4 has memorised a sequence without building the number sense that makes addition meaningful. Both skills are important; the addition and number sense foundations need direct attention.

Are these grade 1 math worksheets aligned to the Ontario curriculum? Yes. All practice problems on this page are aligned to the Ontario Grade 1 mathematics curriculum expectations. These grade 1 math worksheets are also appropriate for students in other Canadian provinces where the curriculum is closely aligned.

What comes after Grade 1 math? Grade 2 mathematics builds directly on Grade 1 foundations — extending addition and subtraction, introducing multiplication concepts, and building on place value and geometry. See our Grade 2 math curriculum Ontario guide for what that looks like.

My child is ahead — are these worksheets too easy? Possibly. For students working above the Grade 1 curriculum, Grade 2 content — particularly double-digit addition, number patterns to 100, and more complex data problems — is the right next step. See our Grade 2 math worksheets for what that looks like.

Grade 1 is where mathematical confidence is built — or lost. Make sure it’s being built.

The habits children build in Grade 1 shape their confidence for years to come.

In a free online trial lesson, one of our experienced teachers will assess your child’s current level, introduce engaging activities, and show you how Think Academy helps students develop strong mathematical foundations.

Book a free lesson to see if we’re the right fit for your family.

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Grade 1 Math Worksheets: Practice Problems with Answers